Allergenicity assessment strategy for novel food proteins and protein sources

To solve the future food insecurity problem, alternative and sustainable protein sources (e.g. insects, rapeseed, fava bean and algae) are now being explored for the production of food and feed. To approve these novel protein sources for future food a comprehensive risk assessment is needed according to the European food legislation. Allergenicity risk assessment might pose some major difficulties, since detailed guidance on how to assess the allergenic potential of novel foods is not available. At present, the approach relies mostly on the guidance of allergenicity assessment for genetically modified (GM) plant foods. The most recent one was proposed by EFSA (2010 and 2011); “weight-of-evidence approach”. However this guidance is difficult to interpret, not completely applicable or validated for novel foods and therefore needs some adjustments. In this paper we propose a conceptual strategy which is based on the “weight-of-evidence approach” for food derived from GM plants and other strategies that were previously published in the literature. This strategy will give more guidance on how to assess the allergenicity of novel food proteins and protein sources.     

Treatment outcome and mortality among patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in tuberculosis hospitals of the public sector

This study was conducted to evaluate treatment outcome, mortality, and predictors of both in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) at 3 TB referral hospitals in the public sector of Korea. We included MDR-TB patients treated at 3 TB referral hospitals in 2004 and reviewed retrospectively their medical records and mortality data. Of 202 MDR-TB patients, 75 (37.1%) had treatment success and 127 (62.9%) poor outcomes. Default rate was high (37.1%, 75/202), comprising 59.1% of poor outcomes. Male sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13-7.49), positive smear at treatment initiation (aOR, 5.50; 95% CI, 1.22-24.90), and extensively drug-resistant TB (aOR, 10.72; 95% CI, 1.23-93.64) were independent predictors of poor outcome. The all-cause mortality rate was 31.2% (63/202) during the 3-4 yr after treatment initiation. In conclusion, the treatment outcomes of patients with MDR-TB at the 3 TB hospitals are poor, which may reflect the current status of MDR-TB in the public sector of Korea. A more comprehensive program against MDR-TB needs to be integrated into the National Tuberculosis Program of Korea.     

生物体微弱磁场测定技术对男性体检人群中慢性疲劳综合征的早期预警价值

目的探讨生物体微弱磁场测定技术对正常男性体检人群慢性疲劳综合征(CFS)早期预警的意义。方法入选样本选自2010年8月至2011年7月解放军总医院国际医学中心健康体检、排除已诊断其他疾病者2323例,均为男性,按照美国疾病控制中心(CDC)标准诊断诊断为CFS 373例,另抽取373例体检正常者作对照(正常组),检测尿液中微弱磁场信息,并进行对比分析。结果利用调查问卷发现CFS发生率为16.1%(373/2323)。应用微弱磁场测定结果对比,发现与睡眠相关指标(8波、脑一内分泌、脑一营养、松果体、百会、脑能量等)、心理情绪相关因素指标(α波、β波、焦虑、恐惧、妄动、愤怒、担心、悲伤、自我意识等)在CFS组中阳性率明显高于正常组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论正常体检人群排除其他疾病后,可利用生物体微弱磁场测定技术进行CFS预警。     

Protective Effects of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Early Atherosclerosis

Objectives: The role of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in atherosclerotic plaque formation is incompletely understood. Although it may act as a proatherogenic factor due to its stimulatory effect on smooth muscle cell growth, previous studies have suggested that it may also have beneficial effects by reversing endothelial dysfunction in experimental models. Our purpose was to evaluate the effects of systemic chronic administration of basic FGF on the development of atherosclerotic plaques in a rabbit model. Method: We investigated the effect of bFGF or placebo (2.5 μg IV twice a week), begun on the same day as a cholesterol (2%) diet, and continued for 5 or 10 weeks, on in vitro reactivity, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression and plaque development (protocol 1; [Formula: See Text]). The effects of bFGF or placebo (2.5 μg IV once a week) were also studied in animals fed a 0.2% cholesterol diet and sacrificed at 3 months (protocol 2; [Formula: See Text]). Results were compared to those of rabbits fed with a normal chow (normal animals). Results: In protocol 1, bFGF administration for 5 weeks was associated with an improvement in endothelial function [Formula: See Text] with a decrease in VCAM-1 expression [Formula: See Text] and in the macrophage content of the plaque [Formula: See Text] This preventive effect was lost at 10 weeks. In protocol 2, bFGF was associated with similar "beneficial" endpoints as observed at 5 weeks in protocol 1. Conclusions: Administration of bFGF is associated with important beneficial structural and functional effects in the early stage of experimental atherosclerosis. These results may help us to understand the role of growth factors in atherosclerosis and to anticipate their effects in human arteries.     

耐碳青霉烯类病原菌分布特征及耐药性分析

目的调查某三级甲等医院近3年耐碳青霉烯类病原菌的分布特征及耐药性。方法对2016—2018年住院患者送检的临床标本中的耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌(carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, CRAB)、耐碳青霉烯类铜绿假单胞菌(carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, CRPA)、耐碳青霉烯类大肠埃希菌(carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli, CREC)和耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌(carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia, CRKP)的检出、分布及耐药情况进行分析。结果 2016—2018年间共分离出这4种常见耐碳青霉烯类病原菌(carbapenem-resistantorganism,CRO)总数分别为233、338和523株,近3年CRAB、CRPA和CREC检出率分别为66.16%、13.69%和1.98%,3年变化不明显;CRKP3年检出率分别为2.38%、4.25%和20.62%,成明显上升趋势。CRAB...     

四箱式多功能动物药理反应检测系统的研究

提出了一种新的小动物药理反应听检测方法－全位方阵法。其于此方法实现了四箱式多功能动物药理反应检测系统，能分别测定小鼠的自发活动、镇痛效果及学习记忆能力。一次实验同时进行１－４只小鼠的三维检测。     

可吸收性胶原止血海绵的制作工艺研究

本技术生产的可吸收性胶原止血海绵的优点：在保持天然胶原纤维机构的条件下,能有效地去除非胶原蛋白和胶原分子的非螺旋部分,具有纯度高、无免疫反应、稳定性和机械强度好的特性,技术保持领先,生产工艺相对简单,生产成本相对较低,具有一定的推广价值。     

Multidrug-resistant hepatitis B virus strain in a chronic Turkish patient

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) strains, resistant to at least two anti-HBV agents from different subclasses of nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs) without a cross-resistance profile, are defined as multidrug-resistant. However, there are limited in vivo data for resistance to multiple NUCs. In this study, we report the case of the emergence of a multidrug-resistant HBV strain in a Turkish patient receiving sequential therapy. Polymerase gene mutations of HBV were detected using direct sequencing, line probe assay and clonal analysis. Twelve months after the start of lamivudine (LAM) therapy, virological breakthrough occurred (4.2E+07 IU/ml) and the rtM204V variant was detected in the patient's sera: adefovir (ADV) was added to the therapy. ADV therapy was continued as monotherapy for 11 months, until the occurrence of clinical breakthrough i.e. alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 60 IU/L, and emergence of drug resistance to ADV (rtN236T). At that time, switch therapy was resumed with ADV + entecavir (ETV) in combination for 5 months. In the 18th month of the ETV monotherapy, direct sequencing showed reduced susceptibility to ETV (rtL180M+rtM204V). Currently, ETV + tenofovir (TDF) are being used as antiviral treatment and the HBV DNA load has decreased substantially (<1.0E+02 IU/ml). In conclusion, we have detected an HBV strain with multidrug-resistance, which had a very fast course of development. Patients with a multidrug-resistant profile should be more frequently followed up both by direct sequencing and line probe assay, for the detection of possible novel HBV variants and low level mutants present in the viral population, in case of the sudden emergence of drug resistance.     

生物体中微量生物元素的分布规律

本文报告生物体中微量生物元素的分布规律;生物体中微量生物元素含量均值的对数与其元素的原子序数成线性关系,并呈现周期性。